Agriculture, health, and nutrition are inherently intertwined and all sectors seek to improve human well-being, but agriculture has rarely been explicitly deployed as a tool to address poor health and under-nutrition in developing countries. Poverty is responsible for poor health and under-nutrition, but it is also widely recognized that agriculture has the potential to greatly reduce poverty. Some 75 percent of the world’s poor people live in rural areas, and strong agricultural growth could raise the incomes of rural people and help to pull millions out of poverty, thus overcoming under-nutrition and poor health. Agriculture is the only realistic way for most people to get the nutrition they need. Farmers are now being encouraged to grow more nutritious crops. One example of this approach is already being tried with an effort to promote biofortified crops—that is, staple crops that have been bred to contain high levels of micronutrients, such as vitamin A or iron. The nutritional quality of foods can also be enhanced during processing and retailing. Consumers can be encouraged to accept, and even seek, more nutritious foods as efforts continue to be made to make such foods available and affordable. It is worth noting, however, that the links between agriculture on the one hand and health and nutrition on the other work both ways. Given that agriculture is highly labor-intensive in many poor countries, productive agriculture requires the labor of healthy and well-nourished people. People who suffer from malnutrition and poor health are less able to do the work required for agricultural production. Nutritional deficits and disease have been shown to impair people’s physical and cognitive capacities. The result in many regions of the world has been a downward spiral of low agricultural productivity, low income, poverty, and poor nutrition and health. In an effort to unleash the potential of agriculture and agricultural research to achieve health and nutritional outcomes in Africa, the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and its partners are implementing a multi-country and multi-year project entitled Making Agricultural Innovations Work for Smallholder Farmers affected by HIV and AIDS in Southern Africa (MIRACLE). The major goal of the project is to improve the health and nutritional status, food security, and income of people affected by HIV and AIDS in southern Africa through the production, consumption, and marketing of nutritionally enhanced crop and livestock products, advocating supportive agricultural and health policies, and strengthening the capacity of key stakeholders engaged in agricultural activities. Expected outputs of the project include: (1) strengthened institutions and improved partnership and stakeholder capacity to enhance access to rural support services by people affected by HIV and AIDS; (2) dissemination and deployment of farm productivity-enhancing innovations that improve food security, nutrition, and health; (3) enhanced nutrition through dietary improvement and diversification; (4) successful transition to sustainable reliance on own-produced nutritious foods and income generation; (5) development and promotion of value addition and products from diverse nutrient-dense crops; and (6) advocacy for appropriate policy options for linking agriculture and nutrition to improved human health. The project is being implemented in HIV/AIDS hotspots in four countries: Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, and Zambia. The priority action sites are those where research and development partners already have ongoing activities, such as the provision of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), and interventions in nutrition or agriculture. The MIRACLE project adds value to the existing initiatives by improving linkages between agriculture, nutrition, and health. As one of the countries highly dependent on agriculture and affected by HIV/AIDS in southern Africa, Malawi is one of the target countries for the MIRACLE project. Globally, Malawi is ranked eighth in terms of HIV/AIDS prevalence. Women are particularly disproportionately affected by the epidemic (Simwaka et al. 2011). There is a consensus that among the adverse impacts of HIV/AIDS on smallholder agriculture is a reduction in crop production (Asingwire and Kyomuhendo 2003; Yamano and Jayne 2004; Thangata et al. 2007) and ultimately food and nutrition insecurity. This is mainly due to loss of labor resulting from HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality.